Symptoms of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Symptoms of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome The symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome can vary depending on which type of thoracic outlet syndrome you have. And since it is a group of disorders not all symptoms may be present or even constant. Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome The most common type of thoracic outlet syndrome is Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome where the brachial plexus is compressed. By some estimates, 95% of all thoracic outlet syndromes are neurological in nature. Compression of these nerves results in symptoms such as: Pain in your neck and shouldersAn ache throughout your armAn ache in your handNumbness, partial loss of sensation or tingling in your fingersA weakening in your grip strengthGilliatt-Sumner hand, which is when muscles of the hand, particularly around the base of the thumb, atrophy or waste away Many of the symptoms of the neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome are similar to other nerve-related repetitive stress injuries where swelling or inflammation presses on the nerve. This can send shooting pains or radiate aching throughout the affected area. Compression of a nerve can also restrict the signals flowing along the nerve resulting in a loss of sensation or tingling. Since the nerves control the actions of the muscles if the signals are lost or otherwise affected the muscles cannot operate efficiently and you experience weakness. With a prolonged loss of nerve supply, the muscles will atrophy and waste away to be reabsorbed by the body. Vascular Thoracic Outlet Syndrome In Vascular Thoracic Outlet Syndrome where either the subclavian artery or the subclavian vein are compressed symptoms are consistent with reduced blood flow such as: Pain and possible swelling of the armA loss of color at your extremities (hand and/or fingers)A weak pulse in your armA bluish discoloration of your extremities (hand and/or fingers)Infarcts, or tiny spots (usually black) on your extremities (hand and/or fingers)A throbbing lump near your collarboneA blood clot under your collarbone (known as a subclavian thrombosis) The symptoms of vascular thoracic outlet syndrome are typical complications resulting from reduced blood flow. Low blood supply can show up as pallor or loss of color as well as a weak pulse. This is most likely associated with compression of the subclavian artery on the supply side of things. That compression may also result in a throbbing lump near your color bone a result of an area of higher blood pressure as the nominal blood supply is forced through a smaller opening. Restriction of the subclavian vein on the return side can lead to a buildup of oxygen-depleted blood resulting in a bluish discoloration. It can also show itself in the form of pain and swelling as the blood pressure increases from a normal supply and a reduced ability to return it to the heart causing a backup of blood in the arm. Reduced blood flow from either the supply or the return side can increase the chance of a thrombosis or blood clot as well as infarcts. A loss of blood supply may also contribute to muscle atrophy in some cases but the reduction in vascular thoracic outlet syndrome is not normally considered great enough to cause atrophy without causing other major concerns first. Non-Specific Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Non-specific Thoracic Outlet Syndrome is so named because the cause is not clearly identifiable. In these cases, the symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome may be a combination of both neurogenic and vascular disorders or simply a pain or ache throughout the arms and shoulders or around the upper chest and collarbone.

Response and Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Response and Analysis - Essay Example â€Å"Somewhere his family is weeping for him. His friends call for my blood. Maybe he had a girlfriend who really believed he would come back† (Collins 240). However, at the beginning of the game she thought that he is a enemy for her, that she will have to kill him to live. And after the claim that both of tributes can win the game, pace of the book suddenly speeded up. And the fight against the powerful tributes began. We can consider Catone as a negative character to be one of the tributes, despite the fact ,that he had the alliance with other experienced in killing tributes, he also didn’t have understanding of respect to the groupmates. He was cold-blooded killer and he left the Glimmer dying from the bites of insects. He didn’t want to help her, probably because she will fight with him when all other tribute will die. â€Å"Glimmer and another girl, the one from District 4, are not so lucky. They receive multiple stings before they’re even out of my view. Glimmer appears to go complete-190 ly mad, shrieking and trying to bat the wasps off with her bow, which is pointless. She calls to the others for help but, of course, no one returns.† Moreover, he was very sadistic and cruel for other tributes, even helpless and weak. He had no mercy towards the people who were less experienced. And after betrayal of Peeta, Cato has hate to everybody. â€Å"What are you still doing here?† he hisses at me. I stare uncomprehendingly as a trickle of water drips off a sting under his ear. His whole body starts sparkling as if he’s been dipped in dew. â€Å"Are you mad?† He’s prodding me with the shaft of the spear now. â€Å"Get up! Get up!† I rise, but he’s still pushing at me. What? What is going on? He shoves me away from him hard. â€Å"Run!† he screams.

The five forces model is used for assessing the attractiveness of Essay

The five forces model is used for assessing the attractiveness of industry sector. Evaluate the key factors that need to be considered when making a assessment of the current industrial environment - Essay Example When the number of players in a market increases, revenues will be shared among competitors and hence profitability of individual firms will decrease. According to this concept, an industrial sector in which â€Å"entry barriers are high and exit barriers are low† is considered to be potential for investment (Kotler, 2009, p.226). Availability of substitutes increases the tendency of customers to switch their demand to alterative products or services. To illustrate, coffee is a close substitute for tea. While analysing the threat of substitutes in an industry, the marketer must also consider a number of factors such as buyer’s inclination to substitute, prices of substitutes, switching costs, and availability of substitutes. An industry having few close substitutes is recommended to be the most attractive segment. Buyer power indicates the customer ability to influence marketers and it mainly depends on buyer volume, availability of substitutes, and degree of market competition. An industry with low buyer power is potential for business operations. Likewise, supplier power reflects the ability of suppliers to put the organisation under pressure. When there are few substitute products/services and supplying firms, supplier power over the marketer is relatively high. Such an industrial environment would not be beneficial for a business. This factor plays a pivotal role in determining the competitiveness of an industry in majority of the cases. An industrial sector where the intensity of competitive rivalry is low is the most potential for making an investment. This model is widely used for micro-environment analysis of industries since its development. For instance, it can be effectively applied to assess the potentiality of airlines industry in order for making a decision regarding whether or not to

Guide On Crafting And Executing Business Strategy Marketing Essay

Guide On Crafting And Executing Business Strategy Marketing Essay

How significant was Martin Luther King’s contribution to the civil rights movement in the years 1956-68? Essay

There is no doubt that MLK shaped the way people campaigned for black civil rights in America during these years however weather that was significant to any head way they did make, one example of his significance is the amount of peaceful protest that was carried out, now that MLK was promoting peaceful protests more people could participate in campaigning for what they believed, this made the supporters for the civil right movement far greater in numbers than ever before and opposing people found it harder and harder to suppress any action they may take. The Montgomery Bus Boycott is a perfect example of a peaceful protest headed by MLK this was because this was the first real push for blacks to be more equal to whites and so they could be treated as people, the boycott would also not have succeeded if it weren’t for MLK as he provided structure and inspiration for everyone taking part. This is significant because it gathered more supporters for the movement and gave them more influence when it came to changing things. Another reason that MLK was significant was he branched out the campaign from the south to the north and west which were places which may not have been as bad and public about it but were still very racist and discriminative towards blacks, this is significant because it helped a lot more blacks join in with the campaign and help support in numbers, it also made the pressure on the government larger as there were more and more supporters for the campaign and more and more people (not just blacks) who could influence decisions. MLK had a special gift of being able to create moving and inspiring speeches, this highlights his significance because it was him that was the face of the campaign and with his inspiring speeches he created more and more support for the campaign but most importantly more white sympathisers as they had a lot more power and influence. One other thing that highlights MLK’s significance to the civil rights movement was his death. This was significant because of all the people who looked up to MLK and viewed him as an idol and inspiration now had no one to lead them, this led to confusion and left people not knowing what they should do and who to follow however people also took his assassination as the point where they stand up and really fight for what they believe in. MLK didn’t always pull of these miracles and get more support and get blacks closer to their goal as there have been a lot of examples where MLK didn’t help or he did and didn’t succeed: one example is where he tried to take the fight north  and thought that the struggle in the south would pay dividends however when he left Chicago and left Jesse Jackson in charge people criticized him for not finishing what he started and left people loosing respect for MLK and the civil right movement. Another example of MLK not being a help and sometimes more of a hindrance to the progress of the black civil rights movement was when he agreed to be part of the Montgomery bus boycott and when he agreed to stay in jail, on both of these occasions MLK left and in turn left people doubting his word and judgement. Another example is the Meredith march, MLK did not set out to go to the march until after James Meredith had been shot, this gave people the impression that king only showed up because someone was hurt and not to support the cause even though it was a gesture of good will from MLK. MLK also helped out in the freedom summer in 1964 and the brown vs. board case, sit ins that took place all over America, Freedom rides and Violence in Montgomery. In conclusion I think that it would be incorrect to say that MLK was insignificant to the civil rights movement in these years however he cannot be held solely responsible for the success they had as he always had to have the support of thousands of protesters, people in some sort of power and sympathetic whites. MLK also acted as a martyr and his death inspired thousand. Also other organisations did a very good job of recruiting people and getting support. That is why I would consider him one of the key factors along with other organisations and the people that turned up to rallies and did the dirty work.

Biological Properties Of Breast Milk - 2623 Words

Abstract Imagine a tiny baby born at only thirty weeks and weighs in at 3lbs 5oz. This baby is now considered to be a premature infant. When this happens to a newborn they are immediately taken to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to be assessed and possibly assisted with involuntary actions such as breathing and temperature control. The infant’s body might not be developed enough to regulate blood glucose, fight off infection, or maintain proper liver function. The most substantial concern in premature infants in weight gain. The best way to tackle most of the complications that come with a premature birth is breast milk. Depending on the level of maturity, the newborn can either breastfeed directly from the breast, or the milk can†¦show more content†¦Whether the newborn is being fed through intravenous (IV) or a nasogastric/orogastric (NG/OG) tube it will still be important to try and establish an emotional bond not only for the mother, but for the newborn as well. Newborns have shown to make greater advances in maturity when there is skin-to-skin contact, also known as Kangaroo Care. The benefits of Kangaroo Care coincide with the benefits of the actual mother’s milk. The benefits include; increasing the newborns system immunity, facilitates the parent to newborn bonding, maintains the physiological ability, and also optimizes breastfeeding (Shiau, Anderson, 1997). A quantitative study was done on Kangaroo Care in 1993 that shows during kangaroo care the sample group of newborns showed pulse, oxygen and respiratory rate all within normal limits (Gale, Frank Lund, 1993). This is very important for newborn premature infants because respiration rate is a common issue as well as regulating temperature. If a newborn is skin-to-skin with their parent, the body heat from the parent will help the premature infant increase and maintain their own temperature. The reason a premature infant would need an NG/OG tube could be because their instinct to suckle is not fully developed or matured, their swallow could be underdeveloped, or a mixture of both depending on how premature the newborn

Charles Dickens Great Expectations Essay - 1847 Words

When the order of society determines everything, a decision to become greater, will lead one to neglect their true values. In the novel Great Expectations, Charles Dickens introduces the reader to Pip. Set during the Victorian era, Dickens brings forward all the influences, good and bad, of Pips life. Professor John Bowen states â€Å"Like many Victorians, Dickens himself was fascinated by the idea that you could make yourself anew† (Bowen 2). Dickens incorporates events of his own life to help the reader understand Pips society and childhood as he learns the true meaning of life when his unexpectedly changes. Born in eighteen twelve, during the nineteenth century, Victorian England society was based upon three social classes: low class, middle class, or upper class. When he was twelve years old, he found himself working full time at a factory to help provide for his family. Professor David Cody informs, â€Å"twelve-year-old Dickens, scarred psychologically by the experience, was further wounded by his mother’s insistence that he continue to work at the factory† (Cody, 1). Dickens uses Pip to show the reader the role of social class in Victorian England and its effects through finances, education, and friendships on human life. Throughout this novel, the many effects of the social class system are brought out through Pips actions. As a child, Pip attends a small school in his village, rarely learning anything. Pip tells readers â€Å"Mr. Wopsle’s great-aunt kept an evening school in theShow MoreRelatedGreat Expectations By Charles Dickens1113 Words   |  5 Pagesadventures that the male characters go on. This seems to be relevant in a lot of movies and books like the story Great Expectations by Charles Dickens. In Great Expectations there are multiple female characters like Estella, Biddy, and Miss Havisham who all play a large part in the main character, Pip’s life. One of the first that we meet the character Estella in Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations is when Pip goes to Miss Havisham’s to play with her. The two kids play the game beggar my neighbor when EstellaRead MoreGreat Expectations By Charles Dickens1347 Words   |  6 Pagespoor status of the economy, social mobility does not seem to be occurring at high rates, with the poor getting poorer and rich getting richer. Despite this, social mobility is alive and well, and has been for centuries. In his novel, Great Expectations, Charles Dickens voices the concerns of many that lived in Victorian England during the 19th century by promoting such a desire to live life in a more prosperous social class. One of the most fundamental and reoccurring themes in the novel is that ofRead MoreGreat Expectations By Charles Dickens1426 Words   |  6 Pages Twelve-year-old Charles dickens gets ready for bed after a long day at the blacking house. These Victorian-aged memories will provide him with many ideas for his highly acclaimed novel Great Expectations. Set in 1830 England, Great Expectations is a coming-of-age story about a common innocent boy named Pip and his road to becoming a gentleman through the influence of others. Pip is influenced both positively and negatively by Estella, Herbert, and Magwitch. Estella left a huge impression on PipRead MoreGreat Expectations by Charles Dickens984 Words   |  4 PagesCharles Dickens utilizes his life for inspiration for the protagonist Pip in his novel Great Expectations. They both struggle with their social standing. Dickens loved plays and theatre and therefore incorporated them into Pip’s life. Dickens died happy in the middle class and Pip died happy in the middle class. The connection Dickens makes with his life to Pip’s life is undeniable. If readers understand Dickens and his upbringing then readers can understand how and why he created Pip’s upbringingRead MoreCharles Dickens Great Expectations943 Words   |  4 Pages This is true in many cases but none as much as in Great Expectations. In many ways the narrator/protagonist Pip is Charles Dickens in body and mind. While there are many differences between the story and Charles Dickens life there remains one constant. This constant is the way Pip as the narra tor feels, because these feelings are Dickens s own feelings about the life he lead. Since Great Expectations was written towards end of Charles Dickens life, he was wiser and able to make out the mistakesRead MoreGreat Expectations By Charles Dickens1375 Words   |  6 PagesGreat Expectations by Charles Dickens and The Talented Mr Ripley by Anthony Minghella present similar criticisms of society to a large extent. Both of these texts consider the criticisms of rich social contexts (wealth and status), societal morality (whether a society is good or not. Status [can lead to the wrong people being in a high position i.e. making bad decisions affecting the community/society] Appearance [society appears to be moral/good (if you’re from a higher status) {dickens criticisesRead MoreCharles Dickens Great Expectations1223 Words   |  5 PagesBeloved author Charles Dickens was born on February 7, 1812 in Portsmouth, England. Growing up in a life of poverty, his childhood hardshi ps provided the inspiration to write a myriad of classic novels including his 1861 seminole masterpiece, Great Expectations (â€Å"BBC History - Charles Dickens†). Great Expectations follows the life of an orphan named Pip, who’s perspective of the world is altered when he is attacked by an escaped convict in his parents’ graveyard in the town of Kent. Throughout hisRead MoreGreat Expectations By Charles Dickens924 Words   |  4 Pagesa character driven novel, or a mix of the two. In order for a novel to be character driven, it must revolve more around the characters’ individual thoughts, feelings, and inner struggles, rather than around the quest of the story. Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens, is a character driven novel. While the story does have a plot, it is not contingent upon that plot, but rather is reliant upon its characters and their natures. This is evident from the beginning of the novel. From the opening ofRead MoreCharles Dickens Great Expectations1669 Words   |  7 PagesCharles Dickens He was one of England s greatest authors of the 1800 s, better known as the Victorian era. The various themes and ideas of that time are perfectly showcased in his many novels and short stories, such as Nicholas Nickelby, Great Expectations, Oliver Twist, A Tale of Two Cities, and A Christmas Carol. Much of the inspiration for these works came from the trials and conflicts that he dealt with in his own life. His volumes of fictional writing show the greatRead MoreCharles Dickens Great Expectations1017 Words   |  5 Pagesexperiencer is somewhere else absorbing knowledge of a different setting.This abstract adventure is seized by author Charles Dickens in Great Expectations. Great Expectations is historical fiction giving readers comprehension of the Victorian Era.Upon the reading, readers begin to catch on the intended purpose and its significance. A person who lived during the Victorian Era was Charles Dickens himself.He grew up during a time where differences in social class were to an extreme degree.Dickens went through